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Book Club summary #14 - Energy Shift

Energy Shift was chosen as a book club selection for much the same reason as Why Your World Is About To Get A Whole Lot Smaller: the company is in the alternative energy field, and so would benefit from employees knowledgeable about the energy sector.

As a policymaker-oriented volume, the book wasn’t as detailed or analysis-driven as I’d hoped.  An example comes in Chapter 2, which repeats the common refrain that energy demand will continue to rise by 2% per year for the foreseeable future.  It would seem to me that the developed world is likely to continue experiencing several years of economic malaise, in light of the debt overhang and worsening demographics.  Reduced consumer demand could somewhat dampen economic growth in developing economies as well, with a commensurate effect on energy demand.

None the less, the book was highly valuable, if only to know the kind of advice being given to movers and shakers.

As usual, if you enjoy the book summary, please consider supporting the author by purchasing a copy.  :)

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Energy Shift (cover) 

Energy Shift - summary

 

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Sprott and Gold

As an unabashed fan of Sprott Asset Management, and (hilariously small-time) unitholder in their mutual funds, I keep tabs on the writings coming from that gold-hoarding golden horde.  :)

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Here’s the latest from Sprott’s chief gold nut, John Embry.  I agree with the thesis that gold will hit an all-time high (in US dollars) — and probably within the next few months.  It’s been making all-time highs in Euros already.  But once that move starts making it to the front pages of newspapers (or The Economist) then it’s likely to take a year or two to consolidate its gains before eventually moving higher still.  At least, based on “history doesn’t repeat but it rhymes” theory. ;)   The summer months tend to be fairly humdrum.

Gold does well in periods when stocks don’t, and vice versa.  So for gold to continue its decade or so of overperformance, one would expect general stocks not to do so well.  And in the US, that appears very likely.  In the past century, when stocks have been this richly valued, the S&P 500 index has returned a paltry 2% per year, over the subsequent decade.  So this data is consistent with the “gold-is-going-up” thesis.  Of course, there’s some selection bias on my part, in focusing on this supporting data.  ;)

More selection bias comes from the link in this article (the link is titled “Japan - past the point of no return”) which elaborates the troublesome state of Japanese state finances: they took in more money last year from issuing bonds than they collected in taxes; the working-age population is falling even faster than the general population; and only Zimbabwe has a higher gov’t debt-to-GDP ratio. 

To be fair, it’s not all bad news: after the catastrophic misery that drastic cutbacks and higher taxes will cause, the resulting drop in the yen’s value should be of benefit for exporters.  Mind you, that’s about as ridiculous an attempt to be even-handed, as a historian who says “while the Chinese invented paper, in so doing, they invented paper cuts”.

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There was a story in the Globe & Mail the other day about how Sprott has actually *lost* assets under management, as some clients have been unhappy with his portfolio’s underperformance since the recovery in March of last year.  My guess is that successes in most stocks have been overwhelmed by the catastrophic losses in Timminco, a company which was trying to upgrade metallurgical silicon to solar grade.  In the past 2 years it went from from $30 to 82 cents.  [at time of original writing]  At one point Sprott owned 17% of the company, so that 97% loss most definitely weighed on shareholder returns.

From a contrarian perspective, this is interesting, and would be interpreted as meaning he’s due for some outperformance.  Media outlets generally cover streakiness — so a superstar who’s had a good run and gets glowing coverage (e.g. Eric Sprott circa 2008) is likely to have some bad years.  And a fallen titan who gets sympathetic coverage (e.g. Eric Sprott circa 2010) is due for a rebound.  Not that this should be interpreted as investment advice.  :)

Incidentally, he tried to buy some of the 191 tonnes of gold the IMF recently said it would put up for sale… but was rebuffed.  (Admittedly, he may not have been wearing a shirt or shoes…)  There’s a healthy minority who think the IMF only owns gold derivatives, and that Sprott was turned down because he would’ve asked for the bars to be moved to a vault in Toronto.  Maybe he wanted to swim in them, like Scrooge McDuck.  ;)

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In you-can’t-make-this-stuff-up news, a whistleblower who’d sent emails to the US Commodities Futures Trading Commission, claiming JP Morgan Chase and others were manipulating commodities prices for fun and profit, was a victim of a hit-and-run a few days after his name surfaced in testimony.  (Fortunately he was also in a car at the time, and so was uninjured.)  I doubt the financial firms had anything to do with it, but this isn’t doing much for those institutions’ credibility in what I shall euphemistically call the “gold enthusiast” sector.  :)      

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Exponential growth in solar PV

The EPIA’s recent estimate that solar PV installations grew 129% from 2007 to 2008 is excellent news.

While growth is likely to be stunted in 2009 (due in part to the collapse of the Spanish economy, last year’s biggest market) this is the kind of trend that should warm greens’ hearts, and not the planet.  One factor which works to solar’s advantage is the recent collapse in polysilicon prices back to “normal” levels — which will improve silicon-photovoltaics’ cost-competitiveness, even as some companies’ profit margins will be squeezed. :)

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While wind energy is cost-competitive with fossil fuels, the rule of thumb is that it can’t be used for more than about 20% of the grid, due to its intermittent nature.  Basically, to accomodate large amounts of wind, you need to be able to turn other sources of power on or off instantaneously — to account for situations where the wind dies down or comes up suddenly.  That means hydro (which accounts for about 20% of worldwide power generation; quelle coincidence!).

While solar is also intermittent, a big advantage it carries over wind is that it only provides energy during peak usage hours (from morning to evening).  Which generally makes it easier to tie into the grid.  While wind energy production will continue to overshadow (heh) solar electricity for a few years — generation capacity is currently about 120 GW to 5 GW — solar’s ease of grid tie-in should help it surpass wind perhaps a decade from now.

For now, the next milestone for solar will be to outpace nuclear; in 2007 new nuclear generation capacity was about 2 GW.  Solar installations in 2008 were about 3 GW peak, which normalizes to about 1 GW (since solar doesn’t provide energy at night, and provides a lower-than-peak amount of power in the morning and evening).

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Electron-democracy

Late last year, one of the executives asked me to help write a paper on the future of energy.

McKinsey & Company have now published it.  :)

Other authors in the series include:

Cooler still, as this unPhotoshopped screengrab shows, we’ve got the top spot in the Energy section!!  (For now.)

Even cooler still, McKinsey had originally intended to circulate the essay collection at the World Economic Forum at Davos.  (Ultimately they published a subset, and ours didn’t make the cut.)  So I came within an editor’s whim of being able to put “…his work has been circulated at the World Economic Forum at Davos…” on my resume!

A long-form version of the essay will be made publicly available soon; I’ll link to that in due course.

Meanwhile, I think I’ll take a few more days off blogging to bask in the quietly ecstatic glow.  :)

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Electron Democracy

(click to enlarge)

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Nippon Oil on the Nokia path…

A couple days ago, I came across two articles about Nippon Oil’s plans to JV their way into solar power and fuel cells production, respectively.  Both projects are with Sanyo (recently taken over by Panasonic, the new official name of Japanese behemoth Matsushita Electric).

This struck me as inspirational, because Nippon Oil is Japan’s largest oil company!  Its core competency, or comparative advantage, is fossil fuels and petrochemicals.  But instead of choosing to fight a bruising, unethical, long rear-guard action to deny global warming or defend its old ways…  management has decided the company needs to evolve.
It’s reminiscient of the decision by pulp-mill / tire-maker Nokia to get into telecommunications.  I’m sure there were doubters — especially since their telco division took seventeen years to turn a profit.  But was it worth it in the end?  I’m sure every Nokia shareholder would now vote “yes”.

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Signs of the times

Toyota substantially expanded production over the past decade or so, when demand was artificially increased by easy credit. I can’t help think that contributed to this announcement: an unprecedented eleven-day shutdown at its Japanese factories.

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MSR Innovations: muda-free solar PV!

Some ex-colleagues have started a building-integrated solar PV company, MSR Innovations.  Cool stuff.  The cooler thing, though, is that I found out about them through John Robb’s blog.  The web: a highly circuitous way of keeping up with friends.  :)

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Energy endgame

Seems to me, the endgame for GHG-free electric power generation will be:

  • geothermal for baseline power
  • solar thermal to handle the brunt of peak daytime loads (nice intro here)
  • PV solar for local distributed power (as per the “smart grid” or Al-Gore-coined “electranet”)

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